Conscious Submission Calendar — Holy Days and Festivals

The Conscious Submission order keeps the Hijri (Islamic) calendar: a purely lunar calendar of twelve months, each month beginning with the sighting of the new crescent moon. Because a lunar year is about 354 days, these observances shift roughly eleven days earlier on the Gregorian calendar each year. All dates below are given as Hijri month and day — timing rules, not Gregorian dates. Verify exact Gregorian dates against a current Hijri calendar each year; observances begin at moon-sighting, and local communities may differ by a day.

Daily — the Five Salat

The five daily prayers, kept at appointed times from dawn through night. Each is performed facing the qibla, with ritual washing (wudu) beforehand.

Fajr — timing: begins at true dawn (first light) and ends at sunrise. The dawn prayer, prayed before the sun rises.
Dhuhr — timing: begins just after the sun passes its zenith (midday) and ends when the shadow of an object equals its length (the start of Asr). The midday prayer.
Asr — timing: begins when the shadow of an object equals its length (or twice its length, by some schools) and ends at sunset. The afternoon prayer.
Maghrib — timing: begins at sunset and ends when the red twilight disappears. The sunset prayer, prayed promptly after the sun sets.
Isha — timing: begins when the red twilight disappears and ends before the middle of the night (or before dawn, by some schools). The night prayer.

Weekly — Jumu’ah

Jumu’ah (Friday congregational prayer) — timing: every Friday at the Dhuhr time; it replaces the Dhuhr prayer for those who attend. The weekly gathering: believers assemble at the mosque (or a designated place) for a sermon (khutbah) followed by a two-unit congregational prayer. Attendance is obligatory for adult men and recommended for all; the day is kept with extra remembrance, cleanliness, and early arrival.

Monthly — the Lunar Months

The year runs on twelve lunar months: Muharram, Safar, Rabi’ al-Awwal, Rabi’ al-Thani (Rabi’ al-Akhir), Jumada al-Ula, Jumada al-Akhirah, Rajab, Sha’ban, Ramadan, Shawwal, Dhu al-Qa’dah, Dhu al-Hijjah.

The Islamic calendar is purely lunar — no leap-month corrections to the solar year. Each month begins at the sighting of the new crescent moon (a practice called moon-sighting); some communities accept astronomical calculation, others require physical sighting.
The four sacred months (al-ashhur al-hurum): Muharram (month 1), Rajab (month 7), Dhu al-Qa’dah (month 11), and Dhu al-Hijjah (month 12). Traditionally months of heightened sanctity in which fighting was forbidden; they are kept with extra devotion and restraint.
Month-by-month practices are devotional rather than obligatory (e.g., voluntary fasting on the 13th, 14th, and 15th of each month — the “white days”), with the major fixed observances listed under Yearly below.

Quarterly

Islam has no quarterly rhythm. The Islamic calendar is not divided into quarters or seasons of observance; the sacred year moves by months and the daily, weekly, and yearly cycles described here. No quarterly observance is invented for this calendar.

Yearly

All dates below are Hijri month and day. Verify exact Gregorian dates against a current Hijri calendar; observances begin at moon-sighting.

Ramadan (fasting month) — timing: the entire month of Ramadan (month 9). The month of fasting: from dawn to sunset each day, believers abstain from food, drink, and marital relations, with extra prayer (including Tarawih night prayers), Qur’an recitation, and charity. It commemorates the first revelation of the Qur’an.
Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Decree) — timing: sought in the last ten nights of Ramadan, especially the odd nights (21st, 23rd, 25th, 27th, 29th). The night the Qur’an was first revealed; worship on this night is described as better than a thousand months. Kept with night prayer, supplication, and seclusion (i’tikaf).
Eid al-Fitr (Festival of Breaking the Fast) — timing: 1 Shawwal (month 10). Marks the end of Ramadan: a morning congregational prayer, festive meal, new or best clothing, and the obligatory charity of Zakat al-Fitr given before the prayer.
Eid al-Adha (Festival of Sacrifice) — timing: 10 Dhu al-Hijjah (month 12). The greater Eid, coinciding with the Hajj pilgrimage: a morning congregational prayer followed by the sacrifice of an animal (udhiyah/qurbani), shared in thirds — for the family, relatives and friends, and the poor. Commemorates Ibrahim’s willingness to sacrifice.
Days of Hajj — timing: 8–13 Dhu al-Hijjah (month 12). The annual pilgrimage to Mecca: the rites of ihram, standing at Arafat (9 Dhu al-Hijjah), the nights at Muzdalifah and Mina, the stoning of the pillars, and the farewell circumambulation. Obligatory once in a lifetime for those able.
Ashura — timing: 10 Muharram (month 1). A day of voluntary fasting; in Sunni tradition it commemorates the day Musa and the Israelites were saved from Pharaoh. (In Shi’a tradition it is also the solemn commemoration of the martyrdom of Husayn at Karbala.)
Also commonly observed: 1 Muharram (Islamic New Year — a quiet day of reflection, not a festival), 12 Rabi’ al-Awwal (Mawlid — the birth of Muhammad, observed by many communities with gatherings and remembrance, not observed by all), 27 Rajab (Laylat al-Mi’raj — the Night Journey and Ascension, kept by many with night prayer), 15 Sha’ban (Laylat al-Bara’ah — the Night of Forgiveness, kept by many with prayer and supplication).

Uncertainties for owner review

Moon-sighting vs. calculation: communities differ on whether a month begins at physical crescent sighting or astronomical calculation, which can shift observances by a day. The calendar states the moon-sighting rule; if this order adopts calculation, that should be specified.
Sunni/Shi’a differences: Ashura carries very different weight (fasting vs. mourning of Husayn); the Mawlid and Laylat al-Mi’raj are observed by many but not all. Flag which tradition’s emphases the order follows.
No Gregorian dates given intentionally: all yearly dates are Hijri rules; the owner should verify each year’s Gregorian equivalents against a current Hijri calendar.
Devotional focus note: per the owner’s decision, this order’s devotional focus is Isa and Maryam with Muhammad honored as messenger — the calendar above is the shared Islamic calendar, presented unmodified, as instructed.